The Castello district is the vibrant heart of Cagliari and serves as the city's most significant medieval landmark from historical, artistic, and architectural perspectives. Perched on a hill approximately one hundred meters above sea level, it is also the most scenic of Cagliari's four historic neighborhoods. Founded by the Pisans in the 13th century, Castello was fortified with walls, towers, and bastions following the decision to relocate civil, military, and religious authority there after the destruction of Santa Igia, the ancient capital of the Giudicato of Càlari. This event marked the end of the giudicale reign and the beginning of a new era for Cagliari. Since then, the district has retained its central role during the Pisan, Aragonese-Spanish, and Piedmontese dominations, with the palaces of power and noble residences shaping its identity. Even today, in the Sardinian language, the city is referred to as "Casteddu," a term that directly evokes the Castello district. The prestige of Castello has remained intact over time. It houses significant institutions, including the Prefecture, the City Metropolitan Council Chamber, the headquarters of the University of Cagliari, and the magnificent Cathedral. Additionally, it is home to the citadel of museums, which helps preserve and convey the historical memory of this unique place.